AMPHINOMUS (mythological Greek character, son of Nisos)

When the crew of a ship entered the harbor, Amphinomus observed them lowering their sails.⁵ He laughed upon seeing the crew put away their oars, suggesting that a god had informed the others or that they had simply seen the ship pass by.⁵ Penelope found his conversation more pleasant than that of the other suitors, a sentiment shared by Odysseus, who recognized Amphinomus's good understanding and wisdom.^1,2 Amphinomus retrieved two loaves from the bread basket to serve the stranger and offered a pledge of wine in a golden goblet.⁶ He wished the stranger good luck and hoped for his future improvement, urging the group to refrain from using violence against the visitor or Odysseus's servants.^6,7

Amphinomus advised the suitors to consult Zeus before attacking Telemachus, commanding them to withhold their attack if the god forbade it.^1,8,9 He proposed leaving the decision about the stranger to Telemachus, since it was his house, and suggested the cupbearer distribute drink-offerings so the men could leave for rest.⁷ After observing an omen, he suggested they proceed to dinner, while Odysseus warned him to leave before the returning owner arrived to avoid a bloody encounter.^8,2 During a confrontation, Odysseus sought protection at Amphinomus's knees, and the suitor forebade evil while walking away from the drink-offering.^3,4

Athena doomed him to be killed by Telemachus, a fate that sealed his end as he plotted against the young man.^4,8,9 Telemachus struck Amphinomus from behind with a spear, piercing him between the shoulders and through his chest.¹⁰ Amphinomus drew his sword to attack Odysseus near the door.¹⁰ He fell heavily to the ground, striking his forehead on the earth.¹⁰