GODSUNDER
GREEK MYTHOSThe Godsunder Codex

EPAPHUS (son of Zeus and Io)

Figure of myth · mythical character, son of Zeus and Io

Epaphus, son of Zeus and Io, full-length portrait
Parents
Zeus, Io
Consorts
Memphis
Children
Libya, Lysianassa, Dorus, Thebe
In the sources
20 ancient passages

He was the son of Zeus and Io, born in Egypt beside the river Nile.1,2,3,4 His name derived from the act of laying on of hands, a choice suited to his conception.3,1 The Greek name for the Egyptian figure Apis is Epaphus.5,6

Zeus conceived Epaphus by touching Io while she was a cow, and she gave birth to the calf.1,4 Io bore Epaphus after being driven by a gadfly to the Nile.7 This birth occurred in the city of Canobus at the mouth of the Nile.3,7 Accounts differ, as some state he was born in a coastal cave called Boos-Aule.8 Egyptian accounts state that a heavenly light impregnated the mother cow.6

Hera asked the Curetes to kill the infant Epaphus, and they successfully killed the child as requested.2 Zeus killed the Curetes after learning they had harmed Epaphus.2 Io searched for Epaphus throughout Syria after his death and found him being nursed by the wife of the king of Byblus.2 The mother cow was unable to conceive again after giving birth to the calf.6

Epaphus took Memphis, the daughter of the Nile, as his wife.9 He founded the city of Memphis in Egypt and named it after his wife.9,10 Epaphus ruled over the Egyptian people during his time.9,11 He would gather the produce of the land watered by the Nile.3

Epaphus was the father of the dark Libyans, the high-souled Aethiopians, the Underground-folk, and the feeble Pygmies.12 The people born to Epaphus knew seercraft by the will of Zeus, and Earth bore the soothsaying people to him.12 Epaphus reproached Phaeton, calling him a madman for trusting his mother's claims, which caused Phaeton to feel ashamed.13,14 Temples dedicated to Epaphus were joined to those of his parent in cities.13 He is summoned in foreign cry and prayers.15

The codex facts behind this entry

Epaphus is the son of Zeus and Io. Aeschylus, Suppliant Maidens 291-322 +4 The Greek name for the Egyptian figure Apis is Epaphus. Herodotus 2.153.1 +1 Epaphus is the calf born of Zeus and is identified as the ancestor of the race descended from Zeus. Aeschylus, Suppliant Maidens 40-48 +1

In the myths

Zeus conceived Epaphus by touching Io while she was a cow, and she gave birth to the calf. Aeschylus, Suppliant Maidens 291-322 +3 Epaphus reproached Phaeton, calling him a madman for trusting his mother's claims and accusing him of being puffed up by an imaginary father, which caused Phaeton to feel ashamed and unable to refute the insults. Ovid Met. 1.724-779 (3) +1 Epaphus founded the city of Memphis in Egypt and named it after his wife. Apollodorus 2.1.4 +1

Sources

  1. Aeschylus, Suppliant Maidens 291-322
  2. Apollodorus 2.1.3
  3. Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 846-876
  4. Aeschylus, Suppliant Maidens 40-48
  5. Herodotus 2.153.1
  6. Herodotus 3.28.2
  7. Bacchylides 19
  8. Strabo 10.1.3
  9. Apollodorus 2.1.4
  10. Pindar, Nemean 10 ¶2
  11. Statius, Thebaid 7.177-200 ¶1
  12. The Catalogues of Women and Eoiae ll. 8-35
  13. Ovid Met. 1.724-779 (3)
  14. Ovid Met. 1.724-779 (4)
  15. Euripides, The Phoenician Maidens 676-689
Written from the Mythos Codex, and every sentence checked against the facts it cites. From the Mythos Codex: 38 facts, each checked against the ancient passage it comes from, here drawn from Aeschylus, Ovid, Apollodorus, Pindar, Herodotus. Updated 30 October 2026.

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